This deliverable is the result of the work carried out by Molise Region and University of Molise (IT) for the analysis of gaps of migration the in terms of national and international legal schemes and national and European/international policy development.
EU Member States have developed instruments for managing migration, resettling refugees and working on integration in cooperation with different stakeholders and other countries. The report examines examples from one of the MED Countries, Italy, taking into consideration that the scope of the policies that are in place can differ quite substantially across European countries and territories.
The first part of the report presents the Panoramed Project in a nutshell. The second part analyses the latest changes in the Mediterranean migration routes and impact of pandemic. The third part focusses on EU migration policies and law: the so-called “Dublin system” and its reform, the new EU Pact on Migration and Asylum and the financial plan related to the next six years (2021-2027). The fourth section provides the identification of the different types of gaps on migration. The last section is devoted to the relevance of migration in Interreg projects and related evidence.
The main gaps identified are subdivided in two types: Gaps on EU initiatives and programmes and Factual gaps on the selected case study (Italy).
- As regards the first type of gaps, the report stresses on the lack of a common approach to migration management, particularly concerning the reception and integration phases. It also highlights the difficulties posed by the Dublin Convention principle which establishes that the country of entry should be in charge of the reception of migrants and asylum seekers.
- At country-level, several gaps are related to public policy instruments (i.e. lack of integration strategies in the labour market); executive and administrative measures (it takes no less than 60 days in Italy for an applicant for international protection from the filing of the application to the possible signing of a labor contract); and resource exploitation and regeneration (such as the absence of incentives to use common properties and real estate of municipalities of depopulated villages and towns situated in internal areas).
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